Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study
Identifieur interne : 002155 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002154; suivant : 002156Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study
Auteurs : Daniel G. Healy [Royaume-Uni] ; Mario Falchi [Royaume-Uni] ; Sean S. O'Sullivan [Royaume-Uni] ; Vincenzo Bonifati [Pays-Bas] ; Alexandra Durr [France] ; Susan Bressman [États-Unis] ; Alexis Brice [France] ; Jan Aasly [Norvège] ; Cyrus P. Zabetian [États-Unis] ; Stefano Goldwurm [Italie] ; Joaquim J. Ferreira [Portugal] ; Eduardo Tolosa [Espagne] ; Denise M. Kay [États-Unis] ; Christine Klein [Allemagne] ; David R. Williams [Australie] ; Connie Marras [Canada] ; Anthony E. Lang [Canada] ; Zbigniew K. Wszolek [États-Unis] ; Jose Berciano [Espagne] ; Anthony Hv Schapira [Royaume-Uni] ; Timothy Lynch [Irlande (pays)] ; Kailash P. Bhatia [Royaume-Uni] ; Thomas Gasser [Allemagne] ; Andrew J. Lees [Royaume-Uni] ; Nicholas W. Wood [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Lancet Neurology [ 1474-4422 ] ; 2008.
Abstract
Mutations in
Researchers from 21 centres across the world collaborated on this study. The frequency of the common LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was estimated on the basis of data from 24 populations worldwide, and the penetrance of the mutation was defined in 1045 people with mutations in
Six mutations met the consortium's criteria for being proven pathogenic. The frequency of the common LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was 1% of patients with sporadic PD and 4% of patients with hereditary PD; the frequency was highest in the middle east and higher in southern Europe than in northern Europe. The risk of PD for a person who inherits the LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was 28% at age 59 years, 51% at 69 years, and 74% at 79 years. The motor symptoms (eg, disease severity, rate of progression, occurrence of falls, and dyskinesia) and non-motor symptoms (eg, cognition and olfaction) of
Mutations in
UK Medical Research Council; UK Parkinson's Disease Society; UK Brain Research Trust; Internationaal Parkinson Fonds; Volkswagen Foundation; National Institutes of Health: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Institute of Aging; Udall Parkinson's Disease Centre of Excellence; Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation Centre; Italian Telethon Foundation; Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson; Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; Safra Global Genetics Consortium; US Department of Veterans Affairs; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70117-0
PubMed: 18539534
PubMed Central: 2832754
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Canada, Espagne, France, Irlande (pays), Italie, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Portugal, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Floride, Grand Londres, Hollande-Méridionale, Lombardie, Ontario, Trøndelag, Washington (État), Île-de-France
- Londres, Milan, Paris, Rotterdam, Seattle, Toronto, Trondheim
- University College de Londres, Université de Londres, Université de Toronto, Université de Washington
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Le document en format XML
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Zabetian</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centre, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centre, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldwurm, Stefano" sort="Goldwurm, Stefano" uniqKey="Goldwurm S" first="Stefano" last="Goldwurm">Stefano Goldwurm</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Joaquim J" sort="Ferreira, Joaquim J" uniqKey="Ferreira J" first="Joaquim J" last="Ferreira">Joaquim J. Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon School of Medicine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, Eduardo" sort="Tolosa, Eduardo" uniqKey="Tolosa E" first="Eduardo" last="Tolosa">Eduardo Tolosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13">Neurology Service, Institut Clinic Maltias del Sistema Nervios, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurology Service, Institut Clinic Maltias del Sistema Nervios, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Barcelona</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kay, Denise M" sort="Kay, Denise M" uniqKey="Kay D" first="Denise M" last="Kay">Denise M. Kay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff14">Division of Genetic Disorders, Wadsworth Centre, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetic Disorders, Wadsworth Centre, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Christine" sort="Klein, Christine" uniqKey="Klein C" first="Christine" last="Klein">Christine Klein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Neurology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, David R" sort="Williams, David R" uniqKey="Williams D" first="David R" last="Williams">David R. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16">Faculty of Medicine (Neurosciences), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine (Neurosciences), Monash University, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marras, Connie" sort="Marras, Connie" uniqKey="Marras C" first="Connie" last="Marras">Connie Marras</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff17">University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Anthony E" sort="Lang, Anthony E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="Anthony E" last="Lang">Anthony E. Lang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff17">University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K" last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff18">Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berciano, Jose" sort="Berciano, Jose" uniqKey="Berciano J" first="Jose" last="Berciano">Jose Berciano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff19">Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla”, (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla”, (CIBERNED), Santander</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santander</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schapira, Anthony Hv" sort="Schapira, Anthony Hv" uniqKey="Schapira A" first="Anthony Hv" last="Schapira">Anthony Hv Schapira</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lynch, Timothy" sort="Lynch, Timothy" uniqKey="Lynch T" first="Timothy" last="Lynch">Timothy Lynch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20">Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin, Ireland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff21">Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasser, Thomas" sort="Gasser, Thomas" uniqKey="Gasser T" first="Thomas" last="Gasser">Thomas Gasser</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lees, Andrew J" sort="Lees, Andrew J" uniqKey="Lees A" first="Andrew J" last="Lees">Andrew J. Lees</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Nicholas W" sort="Wood, Nicholas W" uniqKey="Wood N" first="Nicholas W" last="Wood">Nicholas W. Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff22">Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">18539534</idno><idno type="pmc">2832754</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2832754</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2832754</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70117-0</idno><date when="2008">2008</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000A29</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000A29</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000A29</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000A29</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000B56</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000B56</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000920</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000920</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000920</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1474-4422:2008:Healy D:phenotype:genotype:and</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002342</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002155</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002155</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of <italic>LRRK2</italic>-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study</title><author><name sortKey="Healy, Daniel G" sort="Healy, Daniel G" uniqKey="Healy D" first="Daniel G" last="Healy">Daniel G. Healy</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff22">Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Falchi, Mario" sort="Falchi, Mario" uniqKey="Falchi M" first="Mario" last="Falchi">Mario Falchi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Genomic Medicine, Imperial College, London and Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St. Thomas Campus, Kings College London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Genomic Medicine, Imperial College, London and Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St. Thomas Campus, Kings College London</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kings College London</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Sullivan, Sean S" sort="O Sullivan, Sean S" uniqKey="O Sullivan S" first="Sean S" last="O'Sullivan">Sean S. O'Sullivan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonifati, Vincenzo" sort="Bonifati, Vincenzo" uniqKey="Bonifati V" first="Vincenzo" last="Bonifati">Vincenzo Bonifati</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Durr, Alexandra" sort="Durr, Alexandra" uniqKey="Durr A" first="Alexandra" last="Durr">Alexandra Durr</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U679, Neurologie et Thérapeutique Expérimentale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U679, Neurologie et Thérapeutique Expérimentale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Fédération de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Fédération de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bressman, Susan" sort="Bressman, Susan" uniqKey="Bressman S" first="Susan" last="Bressman">Susan Bressman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Beth Israel Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, NY and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bronx, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Beth Israel Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, NY and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bronx, NY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brice, Alexis" sort="Brice, Alexis" uniqKey="Brice A" first="Alexis" last="Brice">Alexis Brice</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U679, Neurologie et Thérapeutique Expérimentale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U679, Neurologie et Thérapeutique Expérimentale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Fédération de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Fédération de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris</nlm:aff><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris</wicri:orgArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aasly, Jan" sort="Aasly, Jan" uniqKey="Aasly J" first="Jan" last="Aasly">Jan Aasly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital and Department of Neuroscience, NTNU, 7006 Trondheim, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital and Department of Neuroscience, NTNU, 7006 Trondheim</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Trondheim</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Trøndelag</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus P" last="Zabetian">Cyrus P. Zabetian</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centre, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centre, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldwurm, Stefano" sort="Goldwurm, Stefano" uniqKey="Goldwurm S" first="Stefano" last="Goldwurm">Stefano Goldwurm</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Joaquim J" sort="Ferreira, Joaquim J" uniqKey="Ferreira J" first="Joaquim J" last="Ferreira">Joaquim J. Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon School of Medicine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, Eduardo" sort="Tolosa, Eduardo" uniqKey="Tolosa E" first="Eduardo" last="Tolosa">Eduardo Tolosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13">Neurology Service, Institut Clinic Maltias del Sistema Nervios, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurology Service, Institut Clinic Maltias del Sistema Nervios, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Barcelona</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kay, Denise M" sort="Kay, Denise M" uniqKey="Kay D" first="Denise M" last="Kay">Denise M. Kay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff14">Division of Genetic Disorders, Wadsworth Centre, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetic Disorders, Wadsworth Centre, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Christine" sort="Klein, Christine" uniqKey="Klein C" first="Christine" last="Klein">Christine Klein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Neurology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, David R" sort="Williams, David R" uniqKey="Williams D" first="David R" last="Williams">David R. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16">Faculty of Medicine (Neurosciences), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine (Neurosciences), Monash University, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marras, Connie" sort="Marras, Connie" uniqKey="Marras C" first="Connie" last="Marras">Connie Marras</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff17">University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Anthony E" sort="Lang, Anthony E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="Anthony E" last="Lang">Anthony E. Lang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff17">University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K" last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff18">Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berciano, Jose" sort="Berciano, Jose" uniqKey="Berciano J" first="Jose" last="Berciano">Jose Berciano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff19">Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla”, (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Service of Neurology, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla”, (CIBERNED), Santander</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santander</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schapira, Anthony Hv" sort="Schapira, Anthony Hv" uniqKey="Schapira A" first="Anthony Hv" last="Schapira">Anthony Hv Schapira</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lynch, Timothy" sort="Lynch, Timothy" uniqKey="Lynch T" first="Timothy" last="Lynch">Timothy Lynch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20">Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin, Ireland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff21">Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasser, Thomas" sort="Gasser, Thomas" uniqKey="Gasser T" first="Thomas" last="Gasser">Thomas Gasser</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Tuebingen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lees, Andrew J" sort="Lees, Andrew J" uniqKey="Lees A" first="Andrew J" last="Lees">Andrew J. Lees</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Reta Lila Weston Institute for Neurological Studies, University of London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Nicholas W" sort="Wood, Nicholas W" uniqKey="Wood N" first="Nicholas W" last="Wood">Nicholas W. Wood</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff22">Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Lancet Neurology</title><idno type="ISSN">1474-4422</idno><idno type="eISSN">1474-4465</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><sec><title>Background</title><p>Mutations in <italic>LRRK2</italic>, the gene that encodes leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, are a cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). The International <italic>LRRK2</italic> Consortium was established to answer three key clinical questions: can <italic>LRRK2</italic>-associated PD be distinguished from idiopathic PD; which mutations in <italic>LRRK2</italic> are pathogenic; and what is the age-specific cumulative risk of PD for individuals who inherit or are at risk of inheriting a deleterious mutation in <italic>LRRK2</italic>?</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Researchers from 21 centres across the world collaborated on this study. The frequency of the common LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was estimated on the basis of data from 24 populations worldwide, and the penetrance of the mutation was defined in 1045 people with mutations in <italic>LRRK2</italic> from 133 families. The <italic>LRRK2</italic> phenotype was defined on the basis of 59 motor and non-motor symptoms in 356 patients with <italic>LRRK2</italic>-associated PD and compared with the symptoms of 543 patients with pathologically proven idiopathic PD.</p></sec><sec><title>Findings</title><p>Six mutations met the consortium's criteria for being proven pathogenic. The frequency of the common LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was 1% of patients with sporadic PD and 4% of patients with hereditary PD; the frequency was highest in the middle east and higher in southern Europe than in northern Europe. The risk of PD for a person who inherits the LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation was 28% at age 59 years, 51% at 69 years, and 74% at 79 years. The motor symptoms (eg, disease severity, rate of progression, occurrence of falls, and dyskinesia) and non-motor symptoms (eg, cognition and olfaction) of <italic>LRRK2</italic>-associated PD were more benign than those of idiopathic PD.</p></sec><sec><title>Interpretation</title><p>Mutations in <italic>LRRK2</italic> are a clinically relevant cause of PD that merit testing in patients with hereditary PD and in subgroups of patients with PD. However, this knowledge should be applied with caution in the diagnosis and counselling of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>UK Medical Research Council; UK Parkinson's Disease Society; UK Brain Research Trust; Internationaal Parkinson Fonds; Volkswagen Foundation; National Institutes of Health: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Institute of Aging; Udall Parkinson's Disease Centre of Excellence; Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation Centre; Italian Telethon Foundation; Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson; Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; Safra Global Genetics Consortium; US Department of Veterans Affairs; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hardy, J" uniqKey="Hardy J">J Hardy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, H" uniqKey="Cai H">H Cai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cookson, Mr" uniqKey="Cookson M">MR Cookson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gwinn Hardy, K" uniqKey="Gwinn Hardy K">K Gwinn-Hardy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singleton, A" uniqKey="Singleton A">A Singleton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Paisan Ruiz, C" uniqKey="Paisan Ruiz C">C Paisan-Ruiz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, S" uniqKey="Jain S">S Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Ew" uniqKey="Evans E">EW Evans</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zimprich, A" uniqKey="Zimprich A">A Zimprich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biskup, S" uniqKey="Biskup S">S Biskup</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leitner, P" uniqKey="Leitner P">P Leitner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Whaley, Nr" uniqKey="Whaley N">NR Whaley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uitti, Rj" uniqKey="Uitti R">RJ Uitti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dickson, Dw" uniqKey="Dickson D">DW Dickson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farrer, Mj" uniqKey="Farrer M">MJ Farrer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zk" uniqKey="Wszolek Z">ZK Wszolek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lesage, S" uniqKey="Lesage S">S Lesage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Durr, A" uniqKey="Durr A">A Durr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tazir, M" uniqKey="Tazir M">M Tazir</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gilks, Wp" uniqKey="Gilks W">WP Gilks</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abou Sleiman, Pm" uniqKey="Abou Sleiman P">PM Abou-Sleiman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gandhi, S" uniqKey="Gandhi S">S Gandhi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ozelius, Lj" uniqKey="Ozelius L">LJ Ozelius</name></author><author><name sortKey="Senthil, G" 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uniqKey="Kaplan E">EL Kaplan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, P" uniqKey="Meier P">P Meier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hasstedt, Sj" uniqKey="Hasstedt S">SJ Hasstedt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hasstedt, Sj" uniqKey="Hasstedt S">SJ Hasstedt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moll, Pp" uniqKey="Moll P">PP Moll</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Den Eeden, Sk" uniqKey="Van Den Eeden S">SK Van Den Eeden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanner, Cm" uniqKey="Tanner C">CM Tanner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernstein, Al" uniqKey="Bernstein A">AL Bernstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cannings, C" uniqKey="Cannings C">C Cannings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Ea" uniqKey="Thompson E">EA Thompson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kitada, T" uniqKey="Kitada T">T Kitada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asakawa, S" uniqKey="Asakawa S">S Asakawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hattori, N" uniqKey="Hattori N">N Hattori</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lucking, Cb" uniqKey="Lucking C">CB Lücking</name></author><author><name sortKey="Durr, A" uniqKey="Durr A">A Dürr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonifati, V" uniqKey="Bonifati V">V Bonifati</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schrag, A" uniqKey="Schrag A">A Schrag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ben Shlomo, Y" uniqKey="Ben Shlomo Y">Y Ben-Shlomo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Np" uniqKey="Quinn N">NP Quinn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schrag, A" uniqKey="Schrag A">A Schrag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ben Shlomo, Y" uniqKey="Ben Shlomo Y">Y Ben-Shlomo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Np" uniqKey="Quinn N">NP Quinn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Traynor, Bj" uniqKey="Traynor B">BJ Traynor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Codd, Mb" uniqKey="Codd M">MB Codd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corr, B" uniqKey="Corr B">B Corr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Forde, C" uniqKey="Forde C">C Forde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frost, E" uniqKey="Frost E">E Frost</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hardiman, O" uniqKey="Hardiman O">O Hardiman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kokmen, E" uniqKey="Kokmen E">E Kokmen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozekmekci, Fs" uniqKey="Ozekmekci F">FS Ozekmekci</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beard, Cm" uniqKey="Beard C">CM Beard</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Brien, Pc" uniqKey="O Brien P">PC O'Brien</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kurland, Lt" uniqKey="Kurland L">LT Kurland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Katzenschlager, R" uniqKey="Katzenschlager R">R Katzenschlager</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zijlmans, J" uniqKey="Zijlmans J">J Zijlmans</name></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, A" uniqKey="Evans A">A Evans</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watt, H" uniqKey="Watt H">H Watt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lees, Aj" uniqKey="Lees A">AJ Lees</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Soucie, Jm" uniqKey="Soucie J">JM Soucie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Evatt, B" uniqKey="Evatt B">B Evatt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, D" uniqKey="Jackson D">D Jackson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Nl" uniqKey="Khan N">NL Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Graham, E" uniqKey="Graham E">E Graham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Critchley, P" uniqKey="Critchley P">P Critchley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bonifati, V" uniqKey="Bonifati V">V Bonifati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rohe, Cf" uniqKey="Rohe C">CF Rohe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breedveld, Gj" uniqKey="Breedveld G">GJ Breedveld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abou Sleiman, Pm" uniqKey="Abou Sleiman P">PM Abou-Sleiman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Healy, Dg" uniqKey="Healy D">DG Healy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, N" uniqKey="Quinn N">N Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lees, Aj" uniqKey="Lees A">AJ Lees</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Nw" uniqKey="Wood N">NW Wood</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maraganore, Dm" uniqKey="Maraganore D">DM Maraganore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Dw" uniqKey="Anderson D">DW Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bower, Jh" uniqKey="Bower J">JH Bower</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonnell, Sk" uniqKey="Mcdonnell S">SK McDonnell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rocca, Wa" uniqKey="Rocca W">WA Rocca</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clark, Ln" uniqKey="Clark L">LN Clark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karlins, E" uniqKey="Karlins E">E Karlins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goldwurm, S" uniqKey="Goldwurm S">S Goldwurm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zini, M" uniqKey="Zini M">M Zini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mariani, L" uniqKey="Mariani L">L Mariani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kachergus, J" uniqKey="Kachergus J">J Kachergus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mata, If" uniqKey="Mata I">IF Mata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hulihan, M" uniqKey="Hulihan M">M Hulihan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mata, If" uniqKey="Mata I">IF Mata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kachergus, Jm" uniqKey="Kachergus J">JM Kachergus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Jp" uniqKey="Taylor J">JP Taylor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Begg, Cb" uniqKey="Begg C">CB Begg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Irlande (pays)</li><li>Italie</li><li>Norvège</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Floride</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Hollande-Méridionale</li><li>Lombardie</li><li>Ontario</li><li>Trøndelag</li><li>Washington (État)</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li><li>Milan</li><li>Paris</li><li>Rotterdam</li><li>Seattle</li><li>Toronto</li><li>Trondheim</li></settlement><orgName><li>University College de Londres</li><li>Université de Londres</li><li>Université de Toronto</li><li>Université de Washington</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Healy, Daniel G" sort="Healy, Daniel G" uniqKey="Healy D" first="Daniel G" last="Healy">Daniel G. Healy</name></region><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><name sortKey="Falchi, Mario" sort="Falchi, Mario" uniqKey="Falchi M" first="Mario" last="Falchi">Mario Falchi</name><name sortKey="Healy, Daniel G" sort="Healy, Daniel G" uniqKey="Healy D" first="Daniel G" last="Healy">Daniel G. Healy</name><name sortKey="Lees, Andrew J" sort="Lees, Andrew J" uniqKey="Lees A" first="Andrew J" last="Lees">Andrew J. Lees</name><name sortKey="Lees, Andrew J" sort="Lees, Andrew J" uniqKey="Lees A" first="Andrew J" last="Lees">Andrew J. Lees</name><name sortKey="O Sullivan, Sean S" sort="O Sullivan, Sean S" uniqKey="O Sullivan S" first="Sean S" last="O'Sullivan">Sean S. O'Sullivan</name><name sortKey="Schapira, Anthony Hv" sort="Schapira, Anthony Hv" uniqKey="Schapira A" first="Anthony Hv" last="Schapira">Anthony Hv Schapira</name><name sortKey="Wood, Nicholas W" sort="Wood, Nicholas W" uniqKey="Wood N" first="Nicholas W" last="Wood">Nicholas W. Wood</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Méridionale"><name sortKey="Bonifati, Vincenzo" sort="Bonifati, Vincenzo" uniqKey="Bonifati V" first="Vincenzo" last="Bonifati">Vincenzo Bonifati</name></region></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Durr, Alexandra" sort="Durr, Alexandra" uniqKey="Durr A" first="Alexandra" last="Durr">Alexandra Durr</name></region><name sortKey="Brice, Alexis" sort="Brice, Alexis" uniqKey="Brice A" first="Alexis" last="Brice">Alexis Brice</name><name sortKey="Brice, Alexis" sort="Brice, Alexis" uniqKey="Brice A" first="Alexis" last="Brice">Alexis Brice</name><name sortKey="Brice, Alexis" sort="Brice, Alexis" uniqKey="Brice A" first="Alexis" last="Brice">Alexis Brice</name><name sortKey="Durr, Alexandra" sort="Durr, Alexandra" uniqKey="Durr A" first="Alexandra" last="Durr">Alexandra Durr</name><name sortKey="Durr, Alexandra" sort="Durr, Alexandra" uniqKey="Durr A" first="Alexandra" last="Durr">Alexandra Durr</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bressman, Susan" sort="Bressman, Susan" uniqKey="Bressman S" first="Susan" last="Bressman">Susan Bressman</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kay, Denise M" sort="Kay, Denise M" uniqKey="Kay D" first="Denise M" last="Kay">Denise M. Kay</name><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K" last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus P" last="Zabetian">Cyrus P. Zabetian</name></country><country name="Norvège"><region name="Trøndelag"><name sortKey="Aasly, Jan" sort="Aasly, Jan" uniqKey="Aasly J" first="Jan" last="Aasly">Jan Aasly</name></region></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Lombardie"><name sortKey="Goldwurm, Stefano" sort="Goldwurm, Stefano" uniqKey="Goldwurm S" first="Stefano" last="Goldwurm">Stefano Goldwurm</name></region></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ferreira, Joaquim J" sort="Ferreira, Joaquim J" uniqKey="Ferreira J" first="Joaquim J" last="Ferreira">Joaquim J. Ferreira</name></noRegion></country><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tolosa, Eduardo" sort="Tolosa, Eduardo" uniqKey="Tolosa E" first="Eduardo" last="Tolosa">Eduardo Tolosa</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Berciano, Jose" sort="Berciano, Jose" uniqKey="Berciano J" first="Jose" last="Berciano">Jose Berciano</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Klein, Christine" sort="Klein, Christine" uniqKey="Klein C" first="Christine" last="Klein">Christine Klein</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gasser, Thomas" sort="Gasser, Thomas" uniqKey="Gasser T" first="Thomas" last="Gasser">Thomas Gasser</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Williams, David R" sort="Williams, David R" uniqKey="Williams D" first="David R" last="Williams">David R. Williams</name></noRegion></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Marras, Connie" sort="Marras, Connie" uniqKey="Marras C" first="Connie" last="Marras">Connie Marras</name></region><name sortKey="Lang, Anthony E" sort="Lang, Anthony E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="Anthony E" last="Lang">Anthony E. Lang</name></country><country name="Irlande (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lynch, Timothy" sort="Lynch, Timothy" uniqKey="Lynch T" first="Timothy" last="Lynch">Timothy Lynch</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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